biblical commandments

His films like 'Ordet' and 'The Passion of Joan of Arc' profoundly explore faith, divine commandment, and spiritual sacrifice through minimalist visual language.

He directly adapted biblical narratives in 'The Gospel According to St. Matthew' and interrogated moral law and commandments through transgressive storytelling in works like 'Salò'.

Raised in Calvinist tradition, his films including 'First Reformed' and 'American Gigolo' obsessively examine sin, redemption, and the conflict between moral commandments and human desire.