biological vs. adoptive family

His intimate character-driven films like 'Another Year' and 'Life Is Sweet' explore how family bonds form through daily interactions rather than blood relations.

Films like 'Shoplifters' and 'Like Father, Like Son' directly confront the tension between biological and adoptive family, questioning what truly defines parenthood.

His socially conscious works such as 'I, Daniel Blake' and 'Kes' examine how economic circumstances and chosen relationships matter more than biological ties in shaping family identity.