cyclical violence

His films like *Se7en* and *Zodiac* explore how violence perpetuates itself through obsession and psychological cycles that consume both criminals and investigators.

*Irreversible* and *Climax* depict how traumatic violence creates recursive patterns of destruction that spiral backward and forward through time and causality.

His *Vengeance Trilogy* meticulously demonstrates how cycles of retribution trap characters in endless loops of retaliation that beget further violence.