film surface manipulation

Pioneer of experimental cinema who physically manipulated film stock through scratching, painting, and chemical processes to create abstract visual experiences that interrogate the materiality of cinema itself.

Developed montage theory and experimented extensively with film grain, texture, and compositional layering to manipulate viewer perception and create meaning through surface-level visual manipulation.

Created avant-garde films using optical printing, hand-drawn animation, and mechanical devices to manipulate the film surface, exploring the intersection of abstract art and cinematic technology.