mechanical art

His masterpiece 'Metropolis' (1927) presents a dystopian vision of mechanized society where machines and humans are intertwined, exploring the dehumanizing effects of industrial automation.

In 'Modern Times' (1936), Chaplin critiques mechanical systems and factory automation through satire, showing how humans become cogs in an indifferent industrial machine.

His body horror films like 'eXistenZ' and 'Videodrome' blur the boundaries between organic flesh and mechanical technology, treating the human body as both machine and art.