memory and unreliable narration

His films like Memento and Inception systematically deconstruct memory and perception, making unreliable narration the central structural principle.

He explores fractured memory and subjective reality through dreamlike narratives where truth becomes ambiguous and unstable, exemplified in Mulholland Drive.

His films like Perfect Blue and Paprika blur the boundaries between memory, dreams, and reality to interrogate the nature of identity and consciousness.