mentorship and legacy

His films consistently explore the transmission of knowledge, morality, and artistic craft between generations, most notably in 'Raging Bull' and 'The Irishman'.

His animated masterpieces center on young protagonists learning from wise elders and discovering their potential, as seen in 'Spirited Away' and 'Howl's Moving Castle'.

His provocative works examine power dynamics, influence, and the often-twisted bonds between teacher and student in films like 'Poor Things' and 'The Killing of a Sacred Deer'.