nobility and class

His films obsessively dissect aristocratic decline and the collision between old nobility and modern capitalism, particularly in works like 'The Leopard' and 'Death in Venice'.

He consistently explores class systems and social hierarchies while examining nobility of spirit versus inherited privilege across fantasy and contemporary settings.

His films use magical realism to interrogate class structures and question what true nobility means, as seen in 'Pan's Labyrinth' and 'The Shape of Water'.