paternal authority

His films like 'Bicycle Thieves' and 'Umberto D.' explore the vulnerability of paternal figures unable to fulfill their traditional roles in post-war society.

He consistently examined the quiet dissolution of paternal authority across generations in works like 'Tokyo Story' and 'Late Spring.'

His films including 'The Seventh Seal' and 'Fanny and Alexander' probe the psychological weight and moral ambiguity of paternal power and its transmission through family lineages.