resilience and rebuilding

His films like 'Birdman' and 'The Revenant' chronicle protagonists clawing their way back from personal and physical devastation through sheer willpower.

His socially conscious cinema repeatedly explores ordinary people's struggle to rebuild their lives against systemic barriers and economic hardship.

Her films like 'Nomadland' and 'The Eternals' depict characters finding dignity and purpose through adaptation and community after loss or displacement.