self-harm

His films like 'Black Swan' and 'The Wrestler' unflinchingly portray psychological and physical self-destruction as central to character transformation.

He explores trauma, guilt, and self-inflicted suffering across works like 'Antichrist' and 'Breaking the Waves' with visceral, uncompromising intensity.

His films including 'Irreversible' and 'Climax' examine self-harm and self-destruction through provocative narrative structures and psychological breakdown.