urban architecture

His films obsessively explore the alienation created by modernist architecture and urban landscapes, making the city itself a character that reflects human disconnection.

His expressionist masterpieces like Metropolis and M use towering, geometric urban architecture to create dystopian worlds that critique modern industrial society.

His visually stunning films use neon-lit Hong Kong's dense, vertical architecture as a poetic backdrop for human emotion, transforming the city into a dreamlike character.